Gas Adsorption Analysis Based on the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller Theory
Method Introduction
Gas adsorption analysis based on the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory is a valuable technique for determining the specific surface area of lyophilized (freeze-dried) samples.
In BET, the freeze-dried sample is evacuated to remove all gases and cooled using liquid nitrogen. As a next step, an inert probing gas (mainly N2) is added to the sample, which adsorbs onto the sample surface. While keeping the temperature constant, the gas pressure increases, allowing more molecules to adsorb to the sample surface (adsorption isotherm). The BET equation is now used to calculate the volume of gas needed to form a monolayer. The actual surface area can then be calculated from knowledge of the size and number of the adsorbed gas molecules.
Applications
BET analysis is employed during the lyophilization process and formulation development. It delivers valuable insights into the structure of freeze-dried samples and helps define optimal freeze-drying conditions.
Quality and Biosafety Level
We provide all our analytical services with the highest quality standards. Experienced scientists carry out each project, and a scientific reviewer comprehensively checks every report or data presentation.
We offer this technology with the following quality and biosafety levels:
R&D level
We offer this method under R&D. Our GRP system assures the highest-quality research standards.
Up to biosafety level 1
This method can be applied to proteins, nucleic acids, and most viral vectors, including AAVs and more.
Analytical Method Development, Qualification and Validation
For common sample types, we can often apply standardized methods with little setup effort. However, when needed, our experienced analytical experts create or optimize custom methods tailored to your active pharmaceutical ingredient, product type and development phase.
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